A Short history of the world in English ①: Ancient Greek and Roman era
Vocabulary
B.C. 紀元前 Before Christ ⇔ AD 紀元 （Anno Domini”というラテン語）
（4th century BC：紀元前4世紀：紀元前400年～紀元前301年。
紀元前1世紀は紀元前100年～紀元前1年。
1st century 紀元1世紀：1年～100年。20th century : 20世紀：1901年～2000年）
Ancient 古代の、昔の
Greece ギリシャ
Athens アテネ
Ancient Greece ： BC 8th century~ BC 4th century~
In Greece, from around the 8th century BC, a number of independent
city-states (polis) were established throughout Greece.
Two city-states (polis) were especially powerful: the city-state of
Athens and the city-state of Sparta.
Ancient Greek civilization reached its peak between the
5th and 4th centuries BC.
Vocabulary
Mediterranean Sea 地中海
transition 移り変わり、移行、変遷、変化
republic 共和国
empire 帝国
suppress 抑圧する、鎮圧する、抑える
Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome dominated the entire Mediterranean Sea by the end of
the 1st century B.C., and in 27 B.C. The Roman Empire transitioned
from a republic to an empire, becoming the Roman Empire.
The Roman Empire was divided into East and West in 395 AD.
During this time, Christianity penetrated into the Roman Empire,
and although it was severely suppressed at first, the number of
believers gradually increased and it became the state religion in 392.
